Search for life might be more complicated than we think.

" When an exoplanet passes in front of its parent star, a portion of that starlight will filter through the exoplanet's atmosphere, allowing us to break up that light into its constituent wavelengths and to characterize the atomic and molecular composition of the atmosphere. " (BigThink,  Our first “Earth-like” exoplanets probably won’t have atmospheres)

"If the planet is inhabited, we may reveal unique biosignatures, but if the planet has either a thick, gas-rich envelope of volatile material around it, or alternatively no atmosphere at all, the prospects for habitability will be very low. Nearly all so-called "super-Earth" worlds that have had their transit spectrum measured have revealed these characteristic volatile envelopes, suggesting that they're mini-Neptunes instead of super-Earths. " (BigThink,  Our first “Earth-like” exoplanets probably won’t have atmospheres)

Search for life might be more complicated than we think. But the paradox is that life can be more common in the universe than we thought. And for finding that we must put our sensors to the right planets. The right planet might not look like Earth at all. The dry areas can be deserts but in its oceans can be life. But even if that life forms of cells and DNA it can look far different than life on Earth. An example is coral and humans. Both include cells. But we are far away from corals. If we think that we are space aliens that come to Earth and we see coral and humans, we might not believe that those species are from the same planet.

"This mosaic image of asteroid Bennu is composed of 12 PolyCam images collected on December 2 by the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft from a range of 15 miles (24 km). Credit: NASA/Goddard/University of Arizona" (ScitechDaily, NASA’s OSIRIS-REx Spacecraft Discovers Water on Asteroid Bennu)

The first "Earth twin" can be a planet without an atmosphere. The "Earth with no atmosphere" is the thing. That makes the search for life, and especially intelligent, life forms more complicated than we expected. Another thing is that samples from the asteroid Bennu involved life-building blocks, and another remarkable thing is that the Astroid Bennu seems to involve water. That means that the building blocks are not making lifeforms. But they can open new ways to think about life.

The Earth without an atmosphere is another thing. That shows us how difficult lifeforms are to survive on other planets. Things like gamma- or radio bursts, (GRB and FRB)are dangerous. If the FRB hits a metal-rich planet that can cause the melt of the entire planet. The FRB can inject a massive energy load into the planet's metal spheres. And that can have devastating effects. GRB from the nearby nova or supernova can also sterilize the entire planet in seconds.

When we think about Earth-size planets and their ability to maintain life we find another interesting thing. The lifeforms that live in the water on those planets can survive in the flare explosions of the red dwarfs. The FRB that hits red dwarf can also cause flare eruptions that destroy the planets from around those stars. Or those extremely rough flare eruptions can blow those planet's atmospheres out.

The thing is that intelligent lifeforms can create shields for themselves. That means the intelligent species are less vulnerable to flare eruptions than non-intelligent species. But the paradox is that the intelligent species must have time to advance. If an intelligent lifeform travels to the habitable planet that orbits another star in the binary star system, there is another star that is yellow, and another is a red dwarf. In this system, a species can create its base in the oceans of the planet that orbits the red dwarf. Maybe that kind of case is possible somewhere in the universe.

Sometimes I wonder what our space technology would look like if we had a red dwarf with a habitable planet orbiting in the place of Kuiper Belt. That habitable means that we could work there using light protective suits heat protecting overalls and gas masks. The base can hover in the oceans where water protects the crew. But our fate is be live on the lonely star's planet. Before aliens answer or we travel to a habitable planet, we cannot say a thing about the lifeforms. All introduced extraterrestrial lifeforms are theoretical until we see them.

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/earth-like-exoplanets-atmospheres/


https://scitechdaily.com/nasas-osiris-rex-spacecraft-discovers-water-on-asteroid-bennu/

https://scitechdaily.com/nasa-uncovers-lifes-building-blocks-in-asteroid-bennus-pristine-sample/

https://scitechdaily.com/surprising-findings-in-nasas-osiris-rex-asteroid-sample-could-they-unlock-the-origins-of-life/