Uranus and Neptune might not be what they seem.

"Researchers have uncovered evidence that Uranus and Neptune could be far rockier on the inside than anyone expected. Their unusual magnetic fields and uncertain internal makeup show why new missions are needed to reveal what these planets are really like. Credit: Shutterstock" (ScitechDaily, New Findings Suggest Uranus and Neptune Are Not What They Seem)

“The Solar System is usually grouped into three main types of planets based on what they are made of: the four rocky terrestrial worlds (Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars), the two massive gas giants (Jupiter and Saturn), and the pair of ice giants (Uranus and Neptune). (ScitechDaily, New Findings Suggest Uranus and Neptune Are Not What They Seem)

“New research from a scientific team at the University of Zurich (UZH) suggests that Uranus and Neptune may not fit neatly into that final category. Their findings indicate that both planets could contain much more rock than previously assumed. The study does not argue that the two worlds must be water-rich or rock-rich; instead, it challenges the long-standing belief that an ice-heavy composition is the only viable explanation. This perspective is also supported by the discovery that the dwarf planet Pluto is primarily made of rock.”(ScitechDaily, New Findings Suggest Uranus and Neptune Are Not What They Seem)

New information suggests that Uranus and Neptune are rocky planets. This would be one of the most incredible findings in modern astronomy. The fact is that. Gravity doesn’t tell everything. About. The size of the planets.“Silicon is the eighth most common element in the universe by mass, but it very rarely occurs in its pure form in the Earth's crust. It is widely distributed throughout space in cosmic dust, planetoids, and planets in various forms of silicon dioxide (silica) or silicates. More than 90% of the Earth's crust is composed of silicate minerals, making silicon the second most abundant element in the Earth's crust (about 28% by mass), after oxygen.” (Wikipedia, Silicon). 

This means that if there is mainly silicon and lighter solid elements. Even. If the planet is large. 

It’s possible. It still has quite a weak gravity. Compared to its size. The massive rocky planets called “super earths” and “hot neptunes” are giving a tip that. Maybe there are misunderstandings about those two planets. The mass of Uranus is 14.536 times that of Earth, but that includes its massive atmosphere. The gravity on that planet’s surface is 0.886g. The mass of Neptune is 17.147 times that of Earth. Surface gravity of Neptune is 1.149g.  

As in the case of Uranus. Neptune's massive atmosphere. Raises that planet’s mass. So, are Uranus and Neptune gas planets? The gas giants are not always gas. They are probably quite small planets with a large atmosphere. But all of those planets have a point where solid layers begin. The gas giant formation begins. When. A quite small rocky point acts as the gravitational center. Then that gravitational center starts to collect gas and dust around it. 

The environment must be so stable that the solar wind doesn’t blow those gas and dust layers off, while the planet is forming. This means that planets like hot Jupiters. Or ultra-hot gas giants must form far from their suns.  The ultra-hot rocky planet can be closer to its star. And in some cases, those planets are made of melted iron. In cases like hot Jupiters, the massive gravity of those planets keeps them in form. If. Planet formation starts in interstellar space. That planet will turn. 

Into an extremely large. Interstellar traveller. This requires that the planet formation begins in an interstellar nebula, with no light elements. Those nebulae are supernova remnants and nova remnants. If. There are lots of heavy elements. Those elements cannot start fusion. There is another theoretical possibility. That the small star could turn into a planet. The idea is that the supernova near a small star or brown dwarf can push so much material away from that star that its fusion ends. 

https://scitechdaily.com/new-findings-suggest-uranus-and-neptune-are-not-what-they-seem/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neptune

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranus

Nanopores are magnificent tools.

"Cell Membrane Nanopores Releasing IonsA representation of a cell membrane (rice) with nanopores (broccoli) releasing ions (seeds). Credit: Aleksandra Radenovic/EPFL"  (ScitechDaily, Scientists Uncover How Tiny “Nanopores” Learn Like the Brain)

"Scientists found that nanopores’ electrical charges control how ions flow and when pores temporarily shut down. The discovery could allow engineers to design nanopores that “learn” like synapses for next-generation computing.” (ScitechDaily, Scientists Uncover How Tiny “Nanopores” Learn Like the Brain)

“Pore-forming proteins appear across many forms of life. In humans, they help protect the body by supporting immune defenses. In bacteria, they often function as toxins that create openings in cell membranes. These natural pores regulate the movement of ions and molecules, and their precise control over molecular transport has made them valuable in biotechnology, including DNA sequencing and molecular sensing.” (ScitechDaily, Scientists Uncover How Tiny “Nanopores” Learn Like the Brain)

Nanopores can act as artificial neurotransmitters. And they can also revolutionize medicine. And others. Types of technology. Those technologies are things. Like miniature sonar technology...

Learning nanopore. It is the tool for the next-generation machine intelligence. Learning nanopores can act like neurotransmitters in the next-generation computers. If.  A nanopore is made of an electrolytic liquid. It can act as a small hard disk that transports data between the transmitter and receiver. The system can use a small electromagnetic system. Like, a miniaturized nanoradiotransmitter to write information on those nanopores. Those nanopores can operate between processors. These operate as artificial neurons. And those nanopores act as neurotransmitters or chemical qubits. The system can create those pores and then recycle the liquid that it uses. That can make it possible. To use those pores in neuro- and quantum computers. 

Nanopores can act as a chemical capsule. For viruses and other chemicals. Nanopore. It can transport very reactive chemicals. Like white phosphorus. In the wanted points. In military technology. Nanopore can transport neuro-agents like VX past the sensors. In that case, a chemical weapon is encapsulated. Into the soap. Or some other non-poisonous transporter. That chemical agent is enclosed in the nanobubbles. And when those bubbles are broken. By using an acoustic signal. Or some kind of flame, like napalm, lasers, and microwaves. That releases the nerve agent. 

Nanopore is. One of the most interesting things. In modern chemistry. It can act as a platform that allows long lipedi molecules to form on its shell.  Nanopores and micropores can be used. To take samples from humans or other things. The nanopore can close things. Like. Viruses or some other cells inside them. The pore will surround the object. And then the nanomachine can transport that captured thing away. 

The nanopore can act as an acoustic resonator. Acoustic signals can make those pores oscillate. And that makes them multiply themselves. So, a nanopore can fill the cells. Block the veins. And that makes them useful in medical use. This thing also makes them suitable for the new types of weapons. There is a possibility. The nanopore can interact with ions. Or it can have amino acids on its shell. If. The nanopore is made of the receiver’s own body fluids. That opens the path. To transport viruses into the desired cells. 

Those amino acids can act as carrier proteins. That makes cells transport it to the right objects. The ion transporter makes it possible. To control the nanopore with magnetic fields. And that is one of the biggest things in this kind of system. Today, it is possible. To create a nanopore by using pistons that move back and forth in a small chamber. Another possibility is to use the whisk that rotates in the chamber. 

The system can also use chemical things to make those pores. The carbon acid creates bubbles in water. Or the system can use electrolysis. For. The bubble making. Nanopore itself can be effective. The system can make them from the environment. The nanobubble or nanopore can transport molecules. The idea is that the nanopore is made from blood plasma. And then the medical molecules or viruses will be put inside those pores. The pore itself. Denies the immune system reaction against those viruses. This thing makes those pores an ultimate tool for gene therapy. 

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-uncover-how-tiny-nanopores-learn-like-the-brain/

Reseachers engineer photons in space and time.

"Controlling the Structure of Photons in Space and Time

Researchers from Wits University and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona show how controlling the structure of photons in space and time enables tailored quantum states for next-generation communication, sensing and imaging. Credit: Wits University" (ScitechDaily, Rewriting Quantum Optics: Scientists Engineer Photons in Space and Time)

Photons themselves have no time. This means that. Theoretically, it is possible to save information in photons. And that information remains as long as the photons. Information can be saved. Bending a photon into curves. This thing makes photon a good information transporter, if those curves remain in their form. This technology is under research. Photonics allows us to circumnavigate the theory of relativity. The idea is that two photons are in a superposition and quantum entanglement. 

Then those photons can transmit information virtually faster than light. Theoretically, it is possible to create a quantum entanglement. There, the receiving side moves precisely in the same moment as the transmitting particle. The idea is that the quantum entanglement would be like a stick. 

In the case that we could create a stick. That is 4,5 light-years long, we could transmit information between Earth and Alpha Centauri faster than radio waves. This means that when the astronaut pushes that stick in Alpha Centauri. The receiver sees that stick’s movement. The stick acts like an ultra-long gramophone stylus. But information travels as a wave between superpositioned and entangled particles. 

But sometimes quantum entanglement seems to break the speed of light. The thing that causes. This phenomenon is that the speed of light is a cosmic constant that depends on the medium through which light travels. The speed of light is slower in a medium than in a vacuum. This means the speed of light is slower in water than in air. The thing that slows or limits the speed of light. This is the scattering effect. 

We can think that. If. There is a vacuum tunnel in the air. Light travels faster. In that vacuum tunnel than outside it. The reason why quantum entanglement seems to break the laws of physics is simple. Information travels in the quantum tunnel. That turns the scattering effect weaker. Maybe someday we can transport information through space and time by using superpositioned photons. The idea is that. Another photon will be put into the higher energy level. By trapping it. In the chamber. That transmits energy into it. And this slows time in that photon. This photon will transmit information to another photon. That energy level is lower. Otherwise. If we want. To transmit information. 

The photon itself has no time. But it’s possible. That. Time moves more slowly in a photon. Whose energy level is higher than that of another photon. The system that transports the information from the future could be the ball. There is a quantum-sized black hole. The black hole itself or the photon. That which is positioned around the black hole transmits information to another photon. That is at a lower energy level. The idea is that. Time dilation in a part of this system. That is, the higher energy level. Makes time travel slower in that part. Then quantum entanglement transmits information to the past. 

We must not transmit information from a photon itself. We can transmit information from the field that surrounds a photon. So. If reseachers want to transmit information from the future, they must create quantum entanglement through time. They must keep the object. That transmits information. On a higher energy level. Than the energy level. It is in the receiving particle. That is one thing that could be possible in the future. The ability to transport information from the future to the past is one of the most fascinating things that we can imagine.

https://scitechdaily.com/rewriting-quantum-optics-scientists-engineer-photons-in-space-and-time/

How intelligent can a computer be?

We must determine “intelligence”. Before. We start to think about that. Somewhere. Intelligence is determined. As the ability to make a decision. By connecting data. That comes from sensors to memories. Then the memory block is connected to some action. Activates the action. That is connected to the memory block. The memory interconnects senses and actions. This is one way to think about intelligence. The next question is this: can a computer be intelligent? Even if that system doesn’t have deep knowledge? And then again. How to determine deep knowledge? 

Deep knowledge or deep learning can be determined. As a series of thoughts, we try to find something deeper in things like chess. Chess can have a role: As a test. That measures strategic thinking or tactical skills. But do those things have something to do with chess itself? When we play chess, we must not think about those things. We must just. Follow the rules. Rules make things acceptable or unacceptable. But then we can say that chess is not the only thing that measures intelligence or strategic abilities. Even the best chess player doesn’t always know how to make chess programs. And even the best programmers might not be good chess players. They might have no chance to practice.

Or maybe. They like to play.

Some other computer games. Intelligence doesn’t mean that the system or actor knows everything. If. We say: the information only. That means intelligence; then a dictionary book is intelligent. Being intelligent means. The ability to apply information to other things and situations. Consciousness means that the creature knows itself. But then, how does a creature show its environment? Is it conscious? Many times, people say that consciousness. Means that the actor. Like an organism defends itself. But then. Things like bacteria also. Defend themselves.  How high a level of consciousness? Do bacteria have? 

When we try to find deep knowledge. Or on some deeper level in some actions. We must ask, does the action have those deeper levels? Or does the action even include some deeper levels that mean something? That means deep knowledge is a chain of thoughts; the thinker can ask. Why does something have some shape? Why do traffic signs have certain shapes? Or colors. But those things. Have no connection with driving. While we drive, we must know how to react to those signs. 

Or, deep thinking?  Do we need deep thinking all the time? The idea is that we can drive cars without knowing anything about things. That happens in the engine. This means we can drive a car by just pressing the pedals and turning the wheels. And then we must follow the rules. We must know traffic signs. Or, rather, we must know how to react to traffic signs. We must not know why the traffic sign is at a certain point. We must know its name. We must know how to react. Do we face situations? We must think. About. The backgrounds of the things that we make. We do many things without even thinking about why we make something. 

If we try. To solve a mathematical formula. We must know how to solve that precise formula. But we must not know all mathematical formulas. We must know. The rules. And how to solve that problem by following mathematical formulas. The deep knowledge and deep learning. Means that we try to find something deeper in actions. That will not need, or that will not have any deeper knowledge.  Are there. Any deeper levels in all things that we do? 

When we try to make a robot that plays chess, the robot must only know how to move buttons, how to hit other buttons, that white starts, and then other rules like promotion and checkmate. Those things make the robot win chess by following the rules. And that makes it possible to win chess. The game can be accepted by chess referees only if the robot follows the rules. 

But when we think about that game, we must ask: what type of other deep knowledge? Or deep understanding? Does that game need? What kinds of deep levels can we find in those games? And if the computer wins that game, are we dumber than the computer? That is one thing that we should ask from the mirror. The computer beats us in computer games. But does it know how to make the beef or salad? Maybe we make better food than a computer. 

https://bigthink.com/books/blaise-aguera-y-arcas/

Terahertz radiation can be a breakthrough in communication and observation tools.

“Frequency comb converted into light by a cell with Rubidium atoms. Credit: Mateusz Mazelanik, Wiktor Krokosz, University of Warsaw” (ScitechDaily, “Quantum Antenna” Breaks Barrier in Measuring Elusive Terahertz Signals)

“A research team has created a quantum antenna capable of precisely measuring terahertz frequency combs for the first time.” /ScitechDaily, “Quantum Antenna” Breaks Barrier in Measuring Elusive Terahertz Signals.)  The new system benefits Rydberg atoms as a measurement tool. 

“Terahertz radiation – also known as submillimeter radiation, terahertz waves, tremendously high frequency (THF), T-rays, T-waves, T-light, T-lux or THz – consists of electromagnetic waves within the International Telecommunication Union-designated band of frequencies from 0.1 to 10 terahertz (THz) (from 0.3 to 3 terahertz (THz) in older texts, which is now called "decimillimetric waves", although the upper boundary is somewhat arbitrary and has been considered by some sources to be 30 THz” (Wikipedia, Terahertz radiation)

Terahertz radiation’s position in the electromagnetic spectrum. It is between microwaves and infrared radiation. This makes them an interesting alternative for radio waves and microwaves in communication and observation tools. The terahertz Doppler-radar, or terahertz lidar. Can be two antennas that orbit each other. This kind of teraherz-doppler system can be the tool. That makes the stealth technology unable to protect things like stealth fighters. 

Or, otherwise saying. Terahertz radiation can hack the stealth technology. Lidar-type terahertz scanners. It can open a new era for stealth and anti-stealth systems. The idea is that. It’s possible to turn those terahertz signals away from the stealth plane. But the use of those systems requires that the aircraft must use active systems. The idea is that the coherent terahertz beam. Will be shot against the terherz lidar. The system should turn the terharz signals away from stealth aircraft. The ground-based system can see that radiation. But another thing is that. Those systems can also have lasers. That reacts to terahertz radiation. The combat laser system sees the target. 

It activates a laser. Or a coherent microwave. That should destroy the terahertz radar. Another thing is that. The terahertz-jammer requires precision terahertz frequencies. The lidar system uses. And that new antenna can make. These types of systems are possible. 

The stealth technology. That focus is only on the radar frequency, which cannot affect the terahertz radiation.  Modern chameleon camouflage. That can make an object blend in with the background. But it is unable. To affect terahertz radiation. This means the terherz-scanner. It can make many of the most effective camouflages. And stealth systems are unable to work. The same systems that detect radio and laser scanners cannot detect terahertz radiation. 

And that’s why this radiation type is used in body scanners, the mission is to uncover hidden weapons under clothes. Terahertz radiation can also be used in communication tools. Terahertz radiation can make the same things. That other electromagnetic waves can do in communication tools. The biggest difference. Between terahertz radiation. And radio transmission is this. Terahertz radiation is harder to disturb. Using electromagnetic fields. This makes the radiation suitable for the next-generation internet.  Terahertz radiation is a promising thing. But a lot of work must be done with those systems. That. They can make the new communication revolution. 

https://interestingengineering.com/military/china-chameleon-camouflage-military-use

https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-antenna-breaks-barrier-in-measuring-elusive-terahertz-signals/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doppler_radar

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rydberg_atom

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terahertz_radiation

Scientists debunk the sterile neutrino theory. But those small particles can play a bigger role in the universe than expected.

 

“After a decade of precision measurements, scientists have overturned a long-standing theory about a mysterious particle once thought to hide beyond the Standard Model. Using the MicroBooNE experiment’s powerful liquid-argon detector, researchers found no evidence for the elusive sterile neutrino. Credit: Shutterstock” (ScitechDaily, After Decades of Mystery, Scientists Debunk a Major Theory About a Bizarre Particle)

When we think about the missing pieces of the puzzle. Of cosmological models. We can ask: is one of those pieces the neutrino interaction between other particles? 

Neutrinos are small, weakly interacting particles. It interacts via weak interaction and gravity. Those particles can have a bigger role in the universe. Than nobody expected. In some ideas. That may be a neutrino beam. The supernova eruption sends. It can form black holes or neutron stars. The neutrino beam or burst takes all energy from between particles. And that thing makes material fall. Into the form of neutron stars. And singularity. If the star is smaller, and the neutrino burst. It is not as strong. That forms the white dwarf. 

The neutrino beam or flow through particles can deny things like neutron decay in neutron stars. That seems ridiculous. But then we must realize that in extremely high-energy reactions. Neutrino bursts can. Take all the energy. Out of an object. That causes an effect where all electromagnetic interactions lose their effect in matter that forms stars. The neutrino burst is like a thermal pump. It takes energy with it. And that causes the effect that gravity wins. When all energy. Travels out of plasma. That means quantum fields from outside. Travel to the star and press it into an extremely dense form. 

For making that thing, the neutrino beam must have an extremely high density. But theoretically. That thing is possible. 

To exist, the sterile neutrino must form in the neutrino detector or very close to the sensor. When a neutrino travels through the universe. It collects quantum fields on it. Those quantum fields are like spider silk that the neutrino takes with it. So, that means the sterile neutrino should not exist. Another possibility is that neutrinos travel through. Some kind of wormhole.  But there are no sterile neutrinos. 

“The first use of a hydrogen bubble chamber to detect neutrinos, on November 13, 1970. A neutrino hit a proton in a hydrogen atom. The collision occurred at the point where three tracks emanate on the right of the photograph.” (Wikipedia, Neutrino)

But the role of neutrinos in the universe might be bigger than we ever thought. It’s possible that neutrinos or neutrino beams can form so-called quantum dots that can collect matter around them. Those neutrino beams can form a colder point in the matter clouds and energy fields. That can make fields and objects travel to those points. So, neutrinos can have. Quite a big role. In star and planet formation. 

Neutrinos are very small particles that can tunnel through planets. They are among the least reactive particles in the universe. This makes neutrinos interesting. When a neutrino beam travels through some objects. It transports energy out of the object. When the high-power, long-standing neutrino beam travels through objects, it acts like a thermal pump. 

The neutrino that travels. Through material. Then deny the standing wave formation. That means neutrinos can play. Some kind of role in the existence of stars and other things. If something transports energy out of objects. That thing denies the formation of standing waves. That pushes particles. Away from each other. That means those particles can prevent the star from turning into a gas cloud. When its fusion starts. 

Neutrino beams can also have the ability. To make things like sunspots or stellar spots. The last ones are sunspots on other stars. Stellar spots form when the colder point forms in a star’s plasma shell. The spot exists as long as the particle flow transports energy out of it. 

When that particle flow ends, the spot collapses. They form a nuclear reaction that sends plasma eruptions. The massive plasma eruption (MPE) forms. When there is some kind of nuclear reaction deeper in the star’s core. The thing that makes those eruptions mysterious is what launches those energy formations that cause the plasma to escape from stars. 

https://www.energy.gov/science/doe-explainsneutrinos

https://home.cern/tags/neutrino

https://neutrinos.fnal.gov/whats-a-neutrino/

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/11/251102205023.htm

https://scitechdaily.com/after-decades-of-mystery-scientists-debunk-a-major-theory-about-a-bizarre-particle/

https://scitechdaily.com/tiny-ghost-particles-could-explain-why-the-universe-exists/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutrino

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunspot

Black Trimaran and other unusual submarine concepts.

The mysterious vehicle of the PLA. It is a trimaran that can operate underwater. And surface. 

China’s new trimaran. It can operate on the surface and underwater. These kinds of systems are new tools for the military. Or maybe we should say that those systems are the ultra-high-tech return to the past. During the Second World War. Submarines were actually surface ships. That had a submerging capacity. Before the end of the war. 

The submarines got the snorkel system that allowed them to operate underwater during their patrol missions. And after that, almost all submarines had the primary role as an underwater patrol vehicle. But there are plans to create submersible landing vehicles. The Soviets planned those landing vehicles. 

Those were based on the same technology used in Oscar and Typhoon-class submarines. Those landing vehicles would carry troops, and maybe they planned to be catamarans, with an air cushion between their hulls. Those large sizes. Nuclear-powered systems should carry troops and equipment to the targeted ground. And then those things were delivered from the keel hatches and ramps. 

The purpose of those air cushions. Were that. They allowed those giant vehicles to get close enough to the beach. And then those vehicles could also travel back to the sea without getting stuck. Those air cushion systems are not mentioned in the film. But those systems require some kind of air cushion or auxiliary vehicle.  That they get close enough to the beach. Or they should use only small amphibious tanks that could not challenge main battle tanks.  

There are also plans for cargo submarines. Those submarines would revolutionize transportation. The problem is that those vehicles require nuclear reactors to be effective. The nuclear-powered systems in the wrong hands are always dangerous. If nuclear material gets into the wrong hands, that can be dangerous. The new small nuclear reactors can turn almost any vehicle in the world. Into nuclear-powered.

T-72 tanks have snorkels that allow them to operate underwater. It’s possible that those tanks had high enough sonars. That they could operate in quite a deep bottom. As you can see from the film. T-72 has fixed tubes. And that limits its use. Those systems are not quite effective, because they are close to the surface and easy to detect. But they could be more effective if they could drive deeper. 

If the snorkel has two elastic tubes. That allows those tanks. To operate deeper. Those are connected to the buoy. The other is for engine air intake, and the other is for exhaust gas. The length of those tubes determines the depth. These kinds of systems can operate. 

There are some plans. To make nuclear-powered versions of those submarine tanks. The tank-submarines. Could have torpedoes in racks. And they could shoot them to the bottom of ships or submarines. But that requires more effective motor systems than the diesel system. 

The Chinese trimaran is the drone system. Its length is 13 meters. So it can be. The mock-up test unit for larger-scale systems. There are many things that it could be. There is a possibility that the trimaran-submarine acts as a mothership for VTOL drones. It can also launch. Things like Shahed- and Geran type drones from underwater and surface. Those drones can also be a hybrid system. The electric engine drones. That can operate in the air. And underwater. Those drones can be equipped with different types of warheads, including high-explosive anti-tank. 

That kind of warhead. Makes even small drones. Able to make holes in the hulls of other submarines. That  Chinese drone. It might be diesel-electric powered. That doesn’t mean that those drones cannot use internal nuclear warheads. Another thing is that. Those systems can be test vehicles. For the new types of warships. It can operate either submerged or surfaced. Those vehicles can operate with commandos. Or if their size is large enough, they can transport larger units to a beach. Those systems can also act as a computer center. That supports drone and other operations. 

https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2025/10/unusual-black-trimaran-drone-ship-spotted-in-chinese-shipyard/

https://www.twz.com/sea/chinas-mysterious-submarine-ship-hybrid-breaks-cover

The electromagnetic interaction can slow black holes.

Plasma around a black hole sends powerful radiation. That radiation causes effects, and the black hole also pushes objects from around it. It’s not only gravitation. That pulls objects to the black hole. Also, things like electrons and protons that impact objects have an effect on objects. When gravity alone pulls objects, it is not the same. As the gravitation. And electromagnetic interactions together pull objects like electrons. 

Maybe electromagnetic interaction itself cannot slow a black hole. But the electromagnetic interaction can slow plasma whirl. Around a black hole. Or the electromagnetic interaction can pull plasma away from the black hole. That decreases the energy that travels in that object. When a small object like an electron falls into a black hole. It’s possible. That just before it hits the event horizon. The electron transmits energy. 

Out of the black hole. The top point of the electron is on a lower energy level. Than the bottom of it. That causes a situation. Where energy travels to the top of the electron. That forms a small high-energy object at its axle. And that pushes the electron forward. Normally, those things mean almost nothing. But in a black hole’s extremely dense conditions, even a small thing. Means very much. 

The interaction between magnetic fields and black holes is one of the least researched phenomena in the universe. The interaction means that the magnetic field can slow down. The rotation of a black hole. The rotation of a black hole slows when the magnetic field accelerates or slows. Plasma whirls around the black hole. When that whirl accelerates. It converts kinetic energy into it. When the speed of that whirl slows, it releases its kinetic energy. 

"A still image from a computer simulation of a black hole’s formation and evolution. Credit: Ore Gottleib/Simons Foundation" (ScitechDaily, Scientists Finally Explain Mysterious “Impossible” Merger of Two Massive Black Holes)

"An infographic describing the new work. Credit: Lucy Reading-Ikkanda/Simons Foundation". (ScitechDaily, Scientists Finally Explain Mysterious “Impossible” Merger of Two Massive Black Holes)

When plasma starts to whirl near a black hole’s event horizon, its energy level rises. And that means they bring more energy to the black hole. The mass of those particles is far higher than outside the whirl. And when the magnetic field pulls those particles backward. That effect also affects the black hole’s gravitational field. It slows the black hole’s rotation speed. 

A black hole takes its energy from the whirl. Around it. The black hole binds energy from that whirl. Into it. And transforms it into kinetic energy. When the speed of the whirl slows, it transfers less energy to the black hole. The black hole is massive. But it's still in interaction with its environment. The heavy mass can also slow down. The speed of the black hole. 

"These 3D renderings of a direct-horizon collapsar with an initially weak magnetic field illustrate the system’s evolution. Early in the collapse, accretion disk winds unbind much of the stellar envelope, reducing the mass available for accretion onto the black hole. Eventually, a one-sided jet emerges from the region just outside the black hole, spinning down the black hole and expelling the remaining stellar material. Credit: Ore Gottleib/Simons Foundation" (ScitechDaily, Scientists Finally Explain Mysterious “Impossible” Merger of Two Massive Black Holes)

“Inferred orbits of 6 stars around the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A* at the Milky Way's center”. (Wikipedia, Sagittarius A* cluster)

When a black hole slows, it must realease its energy. And in that moment, it sends gamma or gravitational waves. Many times. Black holes are mentioned as the extreme gravitational objects. In those cases, the interactions are simplified. Black hole’s halo. And its relativistic jets are the highest-energy phenomena. In the universe. That plasma-halo. Also transmits energy out from the black hole. This means that. The black holes are, anyway. A little bit like other stars. 

In modern research, black holes are not as devastating as researchers believed. Research about the Sagittarius A*, (Sgr* A) the supermassive black hole in the center of the milky way gives an information that there are also objects in stable trajectories around the Sgr*A. Many of those objects are very hot stars. That means those stars can probably push material from around them. That causes the effect. That's the matter. That which falls into the black hole cannot affect the star. When an object falls. To a black hole, gravity pulls fields that make objects travel with it. But also things. Like gas and other particles push those objects into the black hole. 

The plasma whirls around the black hole, acting like a generator. That forms an extremely powerful magnetic field. And when a black hole pushes and pulls matter. All its wave interactions and plasma interactions affect objects around it. Things like gamma-ray and X-ray radiation are high-energy short-wave radiation that tunnels through the plasma. Also, things like neutrinos can tunnel through those fields and other objects. 

https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2024/10/aa50571-24/aa50571-24.html

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-finally-explain-mysterious-impossible-merger-of-two-massive-black-holes/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagittarius_A*

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagittarius_A*_cluster

The next-generation technology means the end of reality as we know it.

The future is now: The BCI (Brain-Computer Interface)can make. The ultimate change. To the entire society. The reality and dreams. They are turning into the ultimate reality. The BCI makes it possible. To turn imagination into physical objects. The system can read brain activity or thoughts. And turn it into texts. And maybe quite soon, straight into images. There is a possibility that the texts. What the BCI brings from the human brain. Or reads from the mind. It will be driven. To the AI, which turns them into images. But maybe quite soon, it will be possible to transmit images of dreams and imagination straight to the computer screen. And the system can drive those images to the 3D printers. The BCI can make the digital twin of the human mind. Or entire humans. 

Do you remember the movie “Firefox”? The fictional Sci-Fi fighter movie. About the jet-fighter. With brain-controlled weapon systems. The new brain implants and neural research mean that. The future turns into reality. The voice-controlled computers are “quite easy” to connect to modern jet fighters. Those systems require only soundproof helmets. And a microphone that the system can detect the voice. The system might have two-stage command protocols. The command must have the preparation part. 

The operator must say, for example, the word “System” so that the system knows that the command is for it. And then the command that the system must accomplish. The calibration can be made using the commands that the system must recognize. And then the pilot or whatever operator says the words that the system accepts as a command. Voice commands are hard to install in mobile systems, because there is noise around the user. 

But the person who works in soundproof spaces can use those commands. The voice commands can also be used to train BCI (Brain-Computer Interfaces). BCI is an AI-based system that allows the brain to communicate with the computer. These kinds of AI require training. As other AIs. 

The voice command. Supports the BCI. To make commands clear. The BCI systems that recognize the EEG. And then connect that thing with certain actions. The BCI system is possible. To accomplish. With the brain-implanted microchips. And the helmets that can communicate with those implants. The BCI systems that don’t require implants are tools that turn the ultimate virtual reality or “the second” reality into reality. And those kinds of things. Are tools. That can create fake memories. Those fake memories can be used in training. Or they can be used to destroy political careers. Fake memories can make it possible to create the “nasty joke” for some politician. 

"Firefox Trailer". Today. Chinese and Americans construct hypersonic fighters. And attack aircraft. Those who use the BCI-controlled operating systems. The Tempest 2 program planned to use the BCI operating systems. And we can say that modern technology is better than what this Sci-Fi fighter had in that film.

Those things can be used to make people lie about things like some heroic actions. like being in a war, or participating in rescue operations. Those fake memories can be boosted with fake medals. And that makes a person feel like a liar. The BCI can also turn technical telepathy into reality. The ability to exchange things. Feelings, touches, and other senses with other people. Are things. That can seem attractive. The BCI is the system that opens the road into our mind. The loss of data security. Can mean that hackers can hack those implants. And steal our memories or manipulate them. 

There is also a possibility of using those systems. As brain control tools. There are people like Kim Jong-Un who might want to use those tools. As control tools. Those brain implants can activate brain areas that control pain. If the person even thinks. To resist the high commander. The BCI systems can also make many things. That we don’t even think about. Those systems allow the technical singularity. The man and the machine turn into one. The system can control human-shaped robots. From a long distance. 

When a person uses the BCI. The brain will not separate those stimuli from real things. The BCI communicates with the brain directly through the cortex. So if the system transmits information into a certain brain lobe, the lobe cannot make a difference with the information. That comes from the senses. The BCI system transmits to the brain shell. This causes a model that, if the person uses BCI for things like playing games. Can cause an effect. That the person simply dies of hunger. Or will be trapped in multiple internal virtual reality levels. 

This thing can end death as we know it. The BCI that communicates with the internet can make a digital twin of the human mind for the computer. That digital twin is the tool that can turn human life into an eternal continuum. The system can clone the person and then transfer memories. That the person had. To the clone’s brain. This thing means the end of death and society as we know it. The BCI is the tool. That is meant to give new life. To paralyzed people. 

Those systems can be limited to implanting for people who have 4-limb paralysis. But we know. That there are people who have money. Those people can buy those implants from places like Pattaya or some corrupt countries. Or people like Kim Jong-Un can sell those implants for Western money and luxury. And there are people who willingly pay for those things. The BCI system stimulates the brain center that controls pleasure. can turn into the next-generation drug. 

https://www.bbc.com/news/business-62289737

The AI involves billions of algorithms.

"New research from Johns Hopkins University shows that certain biologically inspired AI architectures can mimic human brain activity even before training on data, challenging long-held assumptions about how AI must learn. Credit: Stock" (ScitechDaily, Johns Hopkins Study Challenges Billion-Dollar AI Models)

New research challenges AI and its learning process. When we try to train extremely large AI’s and their language models, we must understand that this process requires. Lots of work. When we think about things that we make every day, we must realise that. That we learned all the things. That we do. When we try to teach an algorithm, we face one big challenge. The algorithm works like this. The sensor brings data to the memory loop. 

Which compares that data with the database. And if there is a match. That memory loop will activate some action. The problem is that the action that is described to the system is the key. That activates a process. That is connected to the database. And there is always a possibility that the thing. What the computer sees. Doesn’t have 100% match. 

 With the thing. That is described in the database. The single memory loop. That is connected to a certain mission. It is quite easy to train. But when we try to train robots. That can operate. In an open environment, we are in trouble. There must be a memory loop. For every action that the system makes. The thing is that. The memory loop must stop. If the system wants to drive new data into the loop. A quantum computer that operates in multiple states. Makes that system more effective. The system can drive data to different states, and the loop must not stop. 

That makes things like fuzzy logic more effective. Fuzzy logic means a series of precise logical responses. If we compare that thing with the case. When we move our hand, the fuzzy logic means that there is an algorithm for effectively determining. The position of the hand. 

The memory loop or algorithm is the circle of commands that surrounds all the time. If we make a system that goes shopping for us. We must teach every action that the system needs in that everyday journey to the computer. When we think about a shopping trip and compare. It's with a fighter mission, the jet fighter seems more difficult. Because it's not an everyday tool. 

Image 2) Algorithm. 

The thing. What makes the human brain so effective is that it has billions of neurons. A single neuron is not very impressive. It’s a pack of memory and axons, or connections. The human brain uses billions of neurons. At the same time. The central nervous core. Drives data to billions of neurons in the same moment. If neurons don’t find an answer, they call more neurons to the mission. During that process, neurons search for matching memory units within them. And those memory units activate reactions. 

During that process. The area and number of neurons. Those involved actions grow. Until the action is handled in the entire cerebral hemisphere. If both cerebral hemispheres in the cerebrum agree. Or they get the same answer. They send the data to the other nervous system. If those cerebrums disagree, they call the cerebellum. That makes a decision on which one is right. The cerebellum's mission. It is to cut the endless memory loops. 

And when the brains send information to the nervous system. It waits for a report. That the job is done. The report travels to another neuron. That neuron is called a mirror neuron. The purpose of that is to deny. The information collimation in nervous tracks. 

The brain mimic system has two parts. The part that begins the action. And the part. That tells us that the system made the job. In human brains, there are neuron pairs that make those things. The third neuron is needed for cases. The system is stuck in an endless loop. When the first neuron sends a signal, the system does the job. And then it sends that information. Into another neuron, which tells that the job is done. In data centres, those neurons are data processing units. Those units can be multicore processors. In those systems, cores are in pairs, which makes the memory loops travel between them. 

That with things like robot fighters. The robot that goes to the shop. Makes many more actions during missions than a jet fighter. Normally, we don’t think about that thing. Normally, we learn everyday actions during life. But think about the situation. We will drop from space to Earth, and we must learn everything. That we must do. We need somebody. To tell things how to dress, what a means shop, and what vegetables are. Normally, we know those things because we learn those things “automatically”. But what if we grow in an environment? Where are there no vegetables, shops, or money? 

What if we must tell every articulation?  In our body, what must it do? When we want to raise our right foot, we just do that thing. But in the cases of computers, the system must know. What motors must it use? And where it finds those engines. The engine can have a microchip that tells the main computer. That’s the servo that operates the left knee. Then. The operational algorithm tells what the servo engine must do in certain situations. The local system shares responsibility with the main computer. And that makes the main computer’s operations lighter. 

But when we make programs, we must program every action separately. In the second image, you can see the algorithm structure. One algorithm is not very hard. But in complex AI systems. There are billions of those algorithms. There is a missing loop. That means the system should run those algorithms. All the time. The AI is a multilevel construction. The brain mimics systems. Drive data into as many memory loops as it can. In modern AI systems. The system uses other AIs to teach it. 

https://datascience.101workbook.org/05-programming/01-algorithm/01-basics-of-algorithm-structure/#gsc.tab=0

https://scitechdaily.com/johns-hopkins-study-challenges-billion-dollar-ai-models/

Mars was once a tropical paradise, scientists suggest.

“Kaolinite-rich rocks found by Perseverance hint that Mars may once have had warm, rain-soaked environments, offering new clues about the planet’s ancient climate and its potential for past habitability. Credit: Shutterstock” (ScitechDaily, Mars Was Once a Tropical Oasis, New Study Suggests)

Mars was once habitable, but was it a paradise period lasting long enough for some primitive organisms to form? There is a possibility. The planet Mars had once been in a similar trajectory. To Earth. Then, some violent cosmic event. Like an impact with another planet or a large asteroid, it pushed Mars into a trajectory. There it is today. The solar system’s violent history might have whipped many planets and probably some lifeforms away. Maybe there were more than one protoplanet in the habitable zone around the young sun. Cosmic catastrophes destroyed most of those objects. 

There is also a possibility that planet Mars was once larger than it is now. The meteorite or meteorite swarm stripped the lithosphere off that planet. And maybe that event whipped the last changes of lifeform formation off that planet. But were there lifeforms? The answer is that nobody is sure. It’s possible that the remnants of those lifeforms still exist. But there is one thing that we must consider. 

“Purdue University research into rocks that stood out as light-colored dots on the reddish-orange surface of Mars shows that areas of the small planet could have once supported wet oases with humid climates and heavy rainfall comparable to tropical climates on Earth. Credit: NASA” (ScitechDaily, Mars Was Once a Tropical Oasis, New Study Suggests)

“A complex valley network near Idaeus Fossae on Mars, captured by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/University of Arizona” (ScitechDaily, The 16 Locations That Could Hold the Secret to Ancient Life on Mars)

“The valley networks, lakes and rivers that make up the Paraná Valles drainage system on Mars. Credit: Abdallah S. Zaki et al.”(ScitechDaily, The 16 Locations That Could Hold the Secret to Ancient Life on Mars)

Lightning on Mars can form when dust devils or dust tornadoes form a structure. That is like a generator. The static electricity of the iron-rich sand particles forms the lightning. When those particles form the tornado-shaped structure. That tornado acts as a generator that forms lightning. And maybe that lightning formation explains. A loss of some probes that lost contact with Earth on that planet. 

"An artist's impression of lightning on Mars. (Mark Garlick/Science Photo Library/Getty)" (ScienceAlert, NASA Recorded Lightning Crackling on Mars For The First Time)

The planet must have a melted core that makes a generator in that planet. That generator forms a magnetic field that pushes solar wind out from the planet's atmosphere. If there is no magnetic field, that means solar wind just pushes that gas layer out from around the planet. There are two ways in which this kind of magnetic field can form. Internal or external effects can form magnetic fields. The internal effect is the magnetic core that surrounds the mantel. 

Because the mantle orbits the core, sometimes in the opposite direction. That forms the magnetic field. Another version is that plasma whirls orbit the core. The icy asteroid that small magnetic particles cover can have a magnetic field. If there is a plasma whirl that surrounds that small icy bite. The magnetic field must be strong enough. It can turn solar wind away. If that doesn’t happen, the solar wind blows the atmosphere off the planet. 

If there is volcanic activity, like a hot core, on that planet. That opens the route. To find lifeforms that use volcanic or geothermal temperatures for their energy source. Those kinds of organisms might live deep under the Martian surface. There is water ice on that planet. And volcanic temperature can mean that there is liquid water deep underground. Magnetic activity on that planet. Means that Mars. Has a similar core to Earth. Another interesting thing is that the Red Planet has lightning. This thing requires. That there is some kind of electromagnetic phenomenon. 

https://www.sciencealert.com/nasa-recorded-lightning-crackling-on-mars-for-the-first-time

https://scitechdaily.com/mars-was-once-a-tropical-oasis-new-study-suggests/

https://scitechdaily.com/the-16-locations-that-could-hold-the-secret-to-ancient-life-on-mars/

The black hole paradox: have we been wrong for 60 years?

"Black holes are usually described as regions where gravity becomes so strong that nothing can escape, formed when massive stars collapse beyond a critical threshold. While this is the standard picture, our observations always capture these extreme objects in earlier stages of their evolution, before any such boundary can be directly confirmed. Credit: Stock" (ScitechDaily, New Theory Suggests We’ve Been Wrong About Black Holes for 60 Years)

"How confusing inevitability with reality built decades of paradox." (ScitechDaily, New Theory Suggests We’ve Been Wrong About Black Holes for 60 Years)

"What if general relativity never actually tells us that black holes already exist, but only that their formation is inevitable in an infinite future we can never observe? In a new theory, Daryl Janzen, a physicist at the University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon, Canada, questions whether we’ve mistaken mathematical inevitability for physical reality, and shows how much of our black hole story rests on that quiet leap." (ScitechDaily, New Theory Suggests We’ve Been Wrong About Black Holes for 60 Years)

Energy always travels out or into particles. If energy travels out from particles. They turn older. When energy travels to particles, they turn younger. That is one way to explain time dilation. The environment determines if a particle will receive. Or deliver energy. If the energy level in the environment is lower. 

Than the particle’s energy level. That means the particle delivers energy. If a particle’s energy level is lower, the particle receives energy. The particle itself is an energy package.  Or one form of condensed wave movement. Without an outside field. That wave package unravels or turns into energy. 

Black holes stretch light. That causes an interesting phenomenon. The black hole turns light into red. And that causes a massive redshift. The formation of the black hole’s event horizon might be like a yarn ball. The fields and particles will be stretched. The massive redshift means. The black hole always seems. To be at a longer distance than it is.  

Black holes are the ultimate objects. The thing. What makes those objects interesting is that. Their escape velocity. It is higher than the speed of light. And that raises an interesting question: do black holes exist? Or are they just forming? Another interesting detail. It is in the time dilation. Time dilation means that when the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light. 

That slows time in those particles. When the speed of particles reaches the speed of light. Time stops. And when the speed of the particle turns higher than the speed of light, that turns time backward. That thing is possible only in certain cases. Where escape velocity turns higher than the speed of light. That happens at the point that we call the event horizon. That turns time moving backward. Time is a direct relative. To the escape velocity. 

Because nothing can travel faster than the speed of light. 

This means that even light cannot escape from a black hole. And the thing. What makes this possible is that a black hole binds quantum fields at that point. The quantum field pulls particles to the gravitational center. So when the speed of the quantum field reaches the speed of light. And crosses it. That field pulls particles with it. The field is like water. That takes objects with it. 

So when a particle rides with a field in the event horizon, the field transports that particle. And that means the particle’s speed relative to the field that transports it is zero. Speed is always relative to some other object. 

And then we can see a thing. That is called the arrow of time. The arrow of time means that when a particle moves forward, it transfers energy into those other particles. The arrow of time also happens with fields. And wave movement. 

 So, when a particle moves in time, it pushes other particles back in time. Then we face the black hole paradox number 2. Because escape velocity is higher than the speed of light, that means time travels backward in a black hole’s event horizon. That causes an interesting idea. Black holes are pushing time forward in the universe. That thing means that the black holes keep time moving in the universe. 

The reason for that is quite easy to understand. The black hole’s ultimate gravitational field. Doesn’t let anything escape from that object. Because a black hole rolls fields into its spin axis. That forms whirl around it. We see those whirls as galaxies if they surround supermassive black holes. Those whirls deny the energy and particles escape from black holes. 

The ultimate spin binds energy from around the black hole into the black hole. The outside energy or outside quantum fields tries to fill the hole. That is the energy whirl leaves behind. When a black hole binds energy into it. That leaves a lower energy area behind it. And the outside energy starts to fill. That lower energy pothole. The thing is that. The black holes are interesting. They bring information from the future to the point where they formed. But they also send information from the past to the future. 

When time or energy travels. In the black hole, it acts like a water flow. It also binds energy. From around it. That makes a lower energy point just near a black hole. Like flowing water cools the air. This energy flow travels against the time. This means there should be some kind of point. Where the black hole. Pushes time forward. Or, it should make that thing. When the energy level turns lower, that causes the effect. Time travels faster because particles deliver energy. Out of them faster. Than in a high-energy environment. 

https://scitechdaily.com/new-theory-suggests-weve-been-wrong-about-black-holes-for-60-years/

Nanomachines, intelligent dust, can make new things in many areas.

  

 

"Gold “super atoms” could unlock scalable, customizable quantum computing. (Artist’s concept.) Credit: SciTechDaily.com. Researchers found that gold “super atoms” can behave like the atoms in top-tier quantum systems—only far easier to scale. These tiny clusters can be customized at the molecular level, offering a powerful, tunable foundation for the next generation of quantum devices." (ScitechDaily, Gold Nanoclusters Could Supercharge Quantum Computers)

The thing. That makes nanoparticles intelligent. It is an intelligent carrier. That intelligent carrier makes those nanoparticles travel into the desired cells. That intelligent carrier can be some virus. Or it can be the nutrient. That makes other cells transport those nanoparticles into the desired cells. The effect of nanoparticles. It is not like regular chemicals. In regular chemicals. It is a reactive component that the chemical reaction neutralizes. That means one chemical compound or molecule is single-use. 

The nanoparticle interacts with electric impulses or acoustic oscillations. So when a nanoparticle travels in cells. It doesn’t lose its reactive component. In the cell. The acoustic resonance of those nanoparticles conveys. Into their environment. And forms waves that can destroy the cells. Those oscillations and acoustic waves can also destroy other molecules. Than just DNA. 

This can deactivate poisonous compounds in the environment. Or those acoustic signals can help to make 3D ultrasound images. The nanoparticle can be chemically neutral. Or, it can even be gold. Golden nanoparticles can supercharge quantum computers. But they can supercharge medical research. 

A nanoparticle that goes into the cell. And starting to oscillate. It can damage the cell. The nanoparticle can be grown on the virus's shell. And if those viruses can transport things like DNA to the desired cells. Those nanoparticles can be connected to the DNA. And the virus can launch it. Into those cells.

Above: "Silver nanoparticles built on viral biotemplate kill more bacteria and slow resistance rise" (Phys.org)

Nanoparticles can form on the shell of viruses. Those nanoparticles can be frozen to extremely low temperatures, where they form superatoms. That thing is possible with silver. And maybe, it's possible for gold. 

The acoustic oscillation also. Offers a possibility to create. 3D ultrasound images. This type of system. That benefits acoustic waves. That comes inside. Can be the acoustic versions of the Positron-Emission Tomography, PET scanners. 

The nanoparticle can act as the structure that forms a bubble around it. If the acoustic signal makes those particles oscillate. That makes them send pressure impulses into cells. Just observed  memory in some atomic nuclei. It could be used in the future to create nanotechnology. When radioactive nuclei release one neutron. 

There forms an empty hole. This kind of phenomenon could, maybe, be used in the molecules. Where the atom or atom’s line will touch in the place of the released neutron.  Systems like self-assembly molecules. The idea is that when a neuron travels out from an atom. Its size will turn a little bit smaller. That pulls the particle to that atom, if it's close enough. That thing can be used. In the new types of nanotechnology. Which uses radioactive decay. 

For making atoms touch each other at the right points of the molecule. In that model, the radioactive atoms are in the precise right points in the molecule. Then, if the wanted atoms are near those radioactive touching points. And the system can predict the decay. That can be useful to create new chemical compounds. Or chemical compounds. That has the reactive components in precisely the right points of the molecules. 

Viruses can operate. As platforms for. All kinds of nanoparticles. The nanoparticles can act as part of quantum computers. And those things can make almost everything. 

If the nanoparticle is connected to a bacteriophage. It can travel to the desired bacteria. But there is a possibility to connect them to nutrients. Nanoparticles can travel into cells that use certain nutrients. Nanoplastics are one type of nanoparticles. Those particles are extremely dangerous if they travel to small blood vessels and block them. If that thing happens in the brain, it can cause problems with memory and other brain functions. 

When nanoparticles completely block some blood vessels. That denies their ability to transport nutrients and oxygen to cells, which those little blood vessels feed. That can cause cell death, which can turn into gangrene. 

https://phys.org/news/2025-12-silver-nanoparticles-built-viral-biotemplate.html

https://scitechdaily.com/gold-nanoclusters-could-supercharge-quantum-computers/

https://scitechdaily.com/physicists-observe-a-nuclear-memory-thought-impossible/

New drones are equipped with sub-missiles.

The Turkish drone shot down an aerial target with a radar-guided missile. That thing means that drones are advancing faster than anybody thought. 

“Turkish industry and media alike have heralded the recent live-fire test in which a Kizilelma uncrewed combat air vehicle (UCAV) used a Turkish-made air-to-air missile to destroy a target drone. Turkey claims the test marks the first occasion a UCAV has launched a radar-guided air-to-air missile. But, while undoubtedly impressive, there are unanswered questions about how the engagement actually played out, especially to what degree the UCAV was being controlled by crewed fighter jets.” (TWZ, Turkey’s Fighter-Like Kizilelma Drone Shot Down Aerial Target With Radar-Guided Missile)

Polish novelist Stanislaw Lem predicted that the future of weapon systems is in two types of weapons. The weapons. That price is very high. And in a cheap intelligent system that can involve billions of actors. The AI itself is cheap. And even the cheapest drones can turn hard targets. If they have the AI operating flight control. A large quadcopter can carry large missiles. There is a possibility that the quadcopters can operate as flying platforms. For large missiles like Harpoon and other anti-ship missiles. 

The large-sized quadcopter can hide behind the island. Or some other visual obstruction. Another smaller drone can peer at the target. When the target is in the hit radius. The missile-carrier guadcopter. That can be a wire, radio, or AI-operated. Can jump over the visual obstruction or send the missile over it. 

The missile with an optical seeker locks the target. And travels to it. A drone that moves horizontally and vertically. All the time. They are not an easy target. The drone can shoot a missile at a moving target. And then search for an easier target. The quadcopter that carries a Stinger-type missile can harm flying aircraft and helicopters. The reason why those drones are not as effective is that. As they could be in low-power computers. 

Drones at the factory. 

The size of the drone determines. The size of the payload that it can carry. The drone that carries a large missile. And the wire-operated can offer things like ships, with very good strike capacity. Those drones are protected by jamming transmissions. And that allows the ship to spread its operation. The Shahed and Geran drones can be easy targets for air defence. But that requires. The air defence is prepared for this type of attack. 

A large-sized quadcopter can carry even intercontinental ballistic missiles, ICBM. And act as their moving launching platforms. Basically, any ship or truck can take a cassette of drones into its container. And things like Shahed drones are deadly tools if the opponent is not prepared. The drone can operate platform-free. That means. The crew can simply. Move those drones to the ship deck and launch them to the target.  It’s lucky that Russians don’t have advanced AI that helps to aim those drones precisely. 

The Shahed drone with a R-60 "Vympel" missile. 

There is a possibility. The Shahed-drones can carry the rocket booster. When the drone sees the target, it activates its rocket and hits that point. The AI-controlled version of the Shahed drone can offer pinpoint accuracy to the attacker. That AI-controlled drone can be equipped with the Hellfire-type optical seeker.  That gives it a powerful and feared attack capacity. 

 New Shahed-136 drones can be equipped with air-to-air missiles. The Ukrainian air defence shot down the Shahed-136 drone, equipped with the R-60 “Vympel” (AA-8 “Aphid) missiles. That means the drones are becoming increasingly sophisticated. The kamikaze drone, equipped with air-to-air missiles or air-to-surface missiles, can be deadlier than anyone expected. The Turkish drones have more advanced missiles and other systems than the Shahed Drones. And if Russian drones do not work. That doesn’t mean that other drones will not work. 

There is a possibility that this kind of pilot project is not as effective as it could be. But we must remember the Russian wire-guided drones. The first versions were equipped with some old anti-tank missiles. But then those systems advanced to systems that use optical fibre to transmit control signals. Those drones can hit even tens of kilometres from the front. 

Beriev A-50 

“Russia has fielded a new version of the Shahed-136 kamikaze drone armed with a single R-60 air-to-air missile. In principle, the heat-seeking R-60 would give the one-way attacker a way to engage Ukrainian fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters, and create a deterrent threat, but the effectiveness of this combination is unclear.”(TWZ, Russian Shahed-136 Kamikaze Drones Now Armed With Air-To-Air Missiles)

We know that the Russians have problems with the AI, and this thing makes those drones probably ineffective. Remote control means it's easy to jam. And the Shahed 136 is slow, with a propeller operating system. But in AI-controlled drones, those combinations can be deadly. And if those systems are installed in the Geran 3 drones, they can cause grey hair. It’s possible. Those drones. They are. Some kind of experimental systems. There is a possibility. The anti-radiation missiles can also be installed on those drones. When the drone or the missile’s homing head sees radar. That system shoots the anti-radiation ammunition. To the radar. 

Geran 3. 

Those sub-missiles can cause damage or destroy fighters and helicopters that are sent to intercept those drones. There is a possibility that we will see the Geran-3 type drones under the high-speed jet fighters. Those drones can offer a 1000-kilometre hit radius. For jet fighters’ weapon systems. The AI-controlled drones. With autonomy. AI-operated optical target recognition and attack systems can also operate against other aerial targets while they travel to the targets. 

That thing offers the possibility. To enhance those weapon systems' capacity to level. That's never been seen before. The new types of drones that can have. The Hellfire-type seeker, advanced AI. And the GPS-independent homing systems can be weapons never seen before. The GPS independence means inertial. That is connected. The terrain contour matching systems. And optical sensors give those systems independence from the GPS. This is why the Beriev A-50 planes are so important to Russia. Maybe operators in those aircraft guide drones. That travel to targets. 

Or the A-50 operates as a relay station for control signals. But if the drone’s  control signal is cut, the A-50. Or some other local crew must take control. Or the controller can sit in a ground station. Like some mobile device and then send data as a laser beam into those A-50 planes. Another version is that the vehicle is connected to the wired internet. And the system operator sits in Moscow. In those cases, the A-50 plane transforms those optical signals into radio waves. 

Aircraft-based radar systems create the 3D maps by scanning areas. And the A-50 also has a look-down capacity that allows it to see low-flying missiles. The Russians use that data to plan their drone missions. There is a possibility that the Russians use one remote-controlled drone that sends guidance signals to other drones. 

https://www.twz.com/air/russian-shahed-136-kamikaze-drones-now-armed-with-air-to-air-missiles

https://www.twz.com/air/turkeys-fighter-like-kizilelma-drone-shot-down-aerial-target-with-radar-guided-missile

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beriev_A-50

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HESA_Shahed_136

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-60_(missile)

Researchers sent quantum entanglement between two quantum systems.

“A visualization of the breakthrough reported by the Heriot-Watt team. Credit: Heriot-Watt University Researchers at Heriot-Watt University have introduced a prototype quantum network that merges two smaller networks into a single, reconfigurable eight-user system capable of routing — and even teleporting — entanglement on demand.”(ScitechDaily, Scientists Teleport Entanglement Across Two Linked Quantum Networks in Historic First)

There are two ways to send information between two quantum systems. The first way is to send information between two superpositioned and entangled particles. Another way is to teleport data. That is connected to the particle. That means the single photon can transport information through the quantum bridge. The purpose of the quantum bridge is to protect data. That is stored in a photon. 

A full-scale quantum computing system that transports and computes information fully in quantum mode requires that the quantum entanglement can transform information. Over the borders of quantum systems. A full-scale quantum system includes two or more quantum computers. And a quantum network that transports information between superpositioned and entangled particles. This thing offers full-scale security in data handling and data transportation. The quantum network is hard to break. 

Because the data that travels in it. It is connected in physical particles. If something tries to steal data. That thing disturbs the energy level. In the qubit. And the system sees that thing. But no system is completely safe. There are always screens, keyboards, and mice that don’t use quantum encryption. The observer who can see the screen can see everything that the user does. 

There are two ways to make quantum encryption. The first model is to use. Superpositioned and entangled particles. The second way is to share information between multiple bandwidths. This means the data packages are shared across different radio frequencies. Another way is to share messages into pieces. And then send those bits into the different cables. That improves the data security of those systems. The thing is that even if the attacker can eavesdrop on one of those frequencies, the rest of those bits remain unseen. Things like data bursts that the system sends simultaneously through every data line. 

Things like coherent radio waves can also help to make the system harder to break. The multi-channel system can make. The room-temperature quantum computers. Or some models of them are possible. In those systems, each radio frequency carries data. It is one state. Of a qubit. Those radio systems can send coherent radio signals through the nanotubes. The system must first transform regular electric signals into a qubit, which happens by sharing data between those frequencies. 

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-teleport-entanglement-across-two-linked-quantum-networks-in-historic-first/